Clinical
P/F Ratio: Formula, Normal Range & ARDS Chart
Calculate the P/F ratio from PaO₂ and FiO₂, review expected values, and interpret Berlin ARDS oxygenation thresholds with worked examples.
8 min readRead article
Respiratory education
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12 articles found for “oxygenation”.
Clinical
Oxygenation vs Ventilation: ABG Clues, PaO₂, PaCO₂, and Bedside Strategy
Learn the difference between oxygenation and ventilation, how PaO₂, SpO₂, PaCO₂, and pH guide ABG interpretation, and which PulmTools calculators help at the bedside.
8 min readRead article
Clinical
Pre- and Post-Ductal Oxygenation in Newborns
Learn how to interpret preductal and postductal oxygen saturation differences in newborns, identify ductal shunting patterns, recognize PPHN physiology, and apply CCHD screening context at the bedside.
8 min readRead article
Clinical
ROX Index Explained: HFNC Success, Failure Risk, and Bedside Use
Learn how the ROX index helps assess HFNC response, estimate failure risk, and guide escalation decisions using SpO₂, FiO₂, and respiratory rate.
7 min readRead article
Education
ABG Interpretation Step-by-Step (Simple Guide for Clinicians)
Learn ABG interpretation step by step with a practical bedside method for pH, respiratory vs metabolic disorders, compensation, oxygenation, and calculator support.
9 min readRead article
Clinical
ARDSNet PEEP/FiO₂ Table Explained: Low vs High PEEP Strategy
Learn how to use the ARDSNet PEEP/FiO₂ table, when to choose low vs high PEEP strategy, oxygenation targets, and how the protocol fits into lung-protective ventilation in ARDS.
10 min readRead article
Education
ABG Calculator: How to Analyze and Interpret Arterial Blood Gases
Learn how to use an ABG calculator to interpret pH, PaCO₂, HCO₃⁻, and oxygenation. Includes step-by-step ABG analysis, compensation, and clinical examples.
9 min readRead article
Education
ABG Ninja Alternative: Better ABG Practice Tool for Real Clinical Learning
Looking for an ABG Ninja alternative? Compare PulmTools with ABG Ninja and explore a more realistic ABG practice tool with stronger compensation logic, oxygenation review, and better clinical learning.
7 min readRead article
Education
Mastering ABG Analysis
Master ABG analysis with a step-by-step guide covering pH, primary disorders, compensation, oxygenation, mixed acid-base disorders, and practice cases.
8 min readRead article
Clinical
Causes of Hypoxemia Explained
Learn the major causes of hypoxemia including V/Q mismatch, shunt, diffusion impairment, hypoventilation, and low FiO₂ with clear clinical explanations.
8 min readRead article
Education
ABG Cheat Sheet (Downloadable + Step-by-Step Guide)
Download a free ABG cheat sheet and learn a fast, repeatable approach to arterial blood gas interpretation including pH, CO₂, HCO₃⁻, compensation, and oxygenation.
6 min readRead article
Clinical
A–a Gradient Explained: Alveolar-Arterial Oxygen Difference
Learn how to calculate and interpret the A–a gradient, what is normal, and how it helps identify causes of hypoxemia like V/Q mismatch, shunt, and diffusion impairment.
7 min readRead article
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